During this season, coughs and colds are prevalent. Identifying when a cough may be more than just a common ailment like pneumonia is crucial, experts suggest. Dr. Claire Agathou, co-founder of A-Z General Practice at The Wellington Hospital, highlighted the key differences between a regular cough and the potentially severe lung infection.
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in the lungs, making it difficult for oxygen to enter the bloodstream, leading to symptoms like coughing, breathlessness, and fever. It can affect one or both lungs and varies in severity. According to Asthma + Lung UK, there were over half a million hospital admissions for pneumonia in England last year, with a significant readmission rate within 30 days.
The infection is commonly caused by streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, but viruses and fungi can also trigger it. Dr. Agathou emphasized that pneumonia coughs are typically productive, bringing up mucus. Symptoms like green, yellow, or rusty-colored phlegm, high fever, breathlessness, and chest pain could indicate pneumonia.
Individuals with weak immune systems or respiratory issues are at higher risk. Prompt medical attention is essential, especially for vulnerable groups like the elderly. If a lingering cough persists for more than a week, seeking a doctor’s evaluation is recommended, particularly if breathing difficulties or severe symptoms arise.
Medical assessment for pneumonia involves checking vital signs, chest examination, and potentially X-rays. Treatment usually includes oral antibiotics for milder cases, while severe instances may require hospital care with oxygen support. Strengthening the immune system through proper care, warmth, and vitamins can help prevent pneumonia.
Annual flu and Covid vaccinations are advisable for eligible individuals to boost immunity. For further guidance on maintaining lung health during winter, visit asthmaandlung.org.uk/withyouthiswinter.